Phrygian / Hittite Historical Toilets
The capital of the Hittite Empire was at Hattuşaş, next to today's small Turkish farming village of Boğazkale. After the fall of the Hittite Empire around 1200 BCE, the Phrygians established a capital there.
This sewage drain dates from the Phrygian occupation of the site about 1200-700 BCE.
See the Wikipedia page for more on Hattuşaş.
Rose George's The Big Necessity: The Unmentionable World of Human Waste and Why It Matters is a fascinating description of sanitation conditions around the world. "2.6 billion people don't have sanitation. [....] Four in ten people have no access to any latrine, toilet, bucket, or box."
In September 2009, Morna Gregory and Sian James published a book titled Toilets of the World. It's pretty much the same theme that you find here — photographs and commentary on other people's plumbing.
| A Sani-Flush blue border indicates a toilet that I've used. | |
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How long have my Toilets of the World pages been around? I'm not exactly sure, although I'm pretty sure they started in the mid 1990s as a single page on a Purdue University server. The Internet Archive Wayback Machine lets you see what that looked like as far back as January 17, 1999. My cromwell-intl.com domain appeared in September, 2001, although the Wayback Machine didn't notice the one enormous toilet page until January 17, 2002. Some time soon after that it was split into categories, and they have grown ever since. |
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If you're not bored yet, you might be interested in (or at least tolerate):
